Day 13: Installing pollen traps

Today we installed four pollen traps onto top-bar hives. The design is such that the structure sits on the front ledge of the entrance to the hive. The bees fly into the entrance and have to climb through mesh in order to get inside. The mesh scrapes off pollen into a drawer that can be pulled out for pollen collection. Installing the traps was relatively easy. We had to put two nails into the sides of the hives to tie the trap on with wire. We had to figure out issues as we went, such as filling gaps to the entrance that the trap did not cover. We ended up using plastic bags and cardboard to fill in any gaps that would leave room for the bees to enter in a different way.
Looking at the hives for placement:

 Sideview of the attachment:

 Awesome in-action photo of the bees figuring out how to get in (you can see the pollen on their legs):

 Completed installation:

 Cody, Kristie, and I went back afterwards to install two more:

 Here, you can see the black plastic bag we used to fill in the gap to the entrance:

 Cody placing the drawer in:

 Completed installation on the Tanzanian hive:

We thought about certain issues that might arise in installation. One was gaps which we figured out pretty quickly. The other was alternative entrances being a problem. The Tanzanian hive lacked top-bars in the back and so left room for bees to enter under the cover. We will see if the bees start using that space as an entrance instead of where the trap is (rendering the trap ineffective). It was really neat that we visited the previous traps and saw 15-20 pieces of pollen already in the drawer. Tom says this is a slow rate, but we will check again tonight how much is collecting.
In the kitchen, we had a conversation about pollen. I asked if the pollen was transferred into cells by them scraping it off their legs or ingesting it. The answer is scraping and then adding nectar. They add more nutrients to the pollen first and then pack it into cells with their head. Pollen that is collected without their ingestion (collected in the pollen traps) is lower in protein. Apparently bees will reject lower quality pollen if they have higher quality available. This might happen if we tried to make our own pollen patties out of pollen collected by the traps. Quality also declines with extended storage. Also, Taylor looked up how people eat pollen and found mostly negative results. People would ingest it to prevent allergies and have severe reactions and things like that. But, there is still a market for selling pollen so we will see what we do with it.

Day 3: Visit to the farm and the most amazing dessert

 We visited the other property they have across Robins Bay. It was a bit of a drive across the worst road in the world. I'll get a picture of it. It was built in 1975 by the government ....and NEVER repaired. You can see some remains of asphalt but barely. Jamaica has the most road per square mile in the world (though in rough conditions). The farm was devastated in 2004 by Hurricane Irene and has not been returned to its original, operating state. There used to be lots of fruit trees, but it is overgrown now. We climbed through the jungle in order to find and pick mangoes to bring back. Apparently, there are 20 different mango types on the farm alone. The ones we picked are long mangoes which are delicious, juicy, and less stringy to me.

Last night, Agape made a delicious dessert! These are coconut chocolate bites. They are cooked with ginger and honey in a skillet over the stove. The chocolate is actually just the seed ground and roasted. Agape said that in the U.S. she would use wax paper, but here she picked a giant banana leaf for them to cool off on. Quite the treat! We all sat around the table chatting and waiting for them to cool. I got to lick to spoon.

Day 3: Pollen traps

 We had a lesson from Tom today about making pollen traps for top bar hives. He made the design himself. Most of the pictures are from him (thank you!). It was so fun! Quite the carpentry activity. Us three girls helped make one of them, the others made one each. There are two screens attached to the front for the bees to crawl through (the second just in case the pollen doesn't come off the first time). The pollen falls down through mesh into the drawer for you to collect!

 I'm glad there was a picture of me using a hammer, proof of my skills:

 I didn't realize I was wearing all purple today....

 

The finished product:

Day 3: Into the top-bar hives, bees!

This morning Agape and I went into the hives so that she could show me the inside. I wore a half suit and veil, gloves, and was in shorts. I didn't really need the gloves and they just got in the way, actually.

Agape and I talked about the benefits of top-bar and I asked lots of questions. Hopefully I can remember the good points.

Looking in the hive:
We went through each hive and she showed me how to take the top off, move the bars over to get to the bees, and then check each bar. Basically, you lift each bar and see if there are eggs, larvae, nectar, pollen, honey, or brood. I saw cells of different sizes which I have never seen before. One of the many benefits of top-bar hives are the fact that the bees can make cells the size that they need. With Langstroth, you force them to make only one size becuase of the foundation. In nature, the bees need different sized cells (freshly made, of course) based on the purpose and season.
The bees were calm, we smoked them (under the hive) every 5 min or so. We saw the queen in most of them (we looked into about 5 hives). 
I will try and get a picture of where the bars are resting. They are not flush on a piece of wood, but instead the wood is slanting so that they rest on an edge. This is much better for sliding the bars across so that no bees are crushed and it is easier to move your hands while working with them. When putting the bars back together, you move the bars in a scissor motion to not crush any bees. I know I will remember more later. 
Comb failure and design:
The spacing of the hives is particular to the way they found was best. They experimented with different measurements and designs, and found one that works really well to reduce comb failure and make it as easy as possible to observe the bees. The width and height of the hive is particular as well, and is wider than most designs. This way, the comb is wide on top and hangs shorter which reduces comb failure (some beekeepers have this problem becuase their hives are too narrow and long--the comb is not strong enough and just breaks off of the bar). They do not use comb starters becuase they never work and end up breaking (so why use it, right?). The bees do just fine making it on their own. I will take pictures of that soon, I had to get coordinated first.
Langstroth donations for poverty reduction:
The poverty reduction program gives Langstroth hives to local people here. The problem with this is that Langstorth hives are expensive initially, expensive to maintain (buying foundation is expensive), and high maintenance with lots of problems that occur. I don't really understand why this occurs. The people that are in charge of these programs (in the U.S.) make sure that people have training (and report it) but do not follow up and ask for feedback on how it is going. Often, people in charge of the programs are not beekeepers and can't understand the details of the problems. They just give Langstroth hives and give training becuase that is the "normal" way to do things. But, it is not practical at all and the people should learn top-bar instead becuase it fits the setting much better (the materials used are local, it is cost-efficient, and low maintenence). Hmmmm....
Bee genetics:
Agape wants to get a DNA/genetic analysis of the bees to finally find out what Jamaican bees are and thier genetic origins. I am going to try and e-mail the bee lab back at UC Davis for the protocol on bringing (dead) bees back for analysis (if it is possible). I would love to do that as a project! I just need the resources to know how.

Day 1-Long post about everything

Some tidbits about my stay so far:

Woke up today to a fresh ocean breeze. My cabin is very comfortable and a great set-up with tile floors, a bathroom, and wide windows. I am staying with two other girls, both interns. Our cabin is down the hill from the kitchen so I walked up this morning for breakfast. The meals are cooked in the kitchen and this morning was rice and dumplings which was very satisfying. I entertained the boys (there are five of the little rascals) for a bit so that Agape (Mom) could get a break. 

There is a flow here of people, food, and work that is hard to describe, but easy to fit into. Meals are three times a day and the family and interns wander in and out of the kitchen. There are also lots of visitors of friends, family, and neighbors that wander in and out. The big, wooden kitchen table is used for eating, reading, games, and computers and is the main gathering area on the farm.

We got ready for the summer camp kids to come and view the bees as a field trip day for them. There were two large groups of kids from a local summer camp that came, got on veils, and took a look inside the hives. It was really fun and the camp is led by a Christian group, so there were volunteers visiting to see the farm as well. It went pretty well, but there were around 50 kids (in two groups) so it was a little hectic. We had lunch afterwards which was very low key with everyone hanging around the kitchen and doing things.

I helped the other intern water the plants, becuase she is the insecticidal soap project intern. They are looking to establish a working recipe of an insecticidal soap that works (there is none right now). People in the area that don't want to use pesticides try essential oils etc and try things from word of mouth, but nothing has worked as of yet. Afterwards, us three girls went down to the beach and cooled off. They have been collecting sea glass for awhile, and I just started to. The water has lots of rocks which most of the beaches in this area have. But the water felt amazing, we picked up a sea urchin, and had to run inside becuase it rained for about 5min. There is clearly a storm coming in from the north (grey mass of clouds) and it is supposed to rain tonight. Shouldn't be too bad though.

Everyone here talks about the hurricane, and a common topic of conversation is "before the hurricane....". It really affected the farm here, destroying many plants and the family had no time to prepare to store water, food, tie up everything etc. Hurricane Sandy was the most devastating by far.

There is lots of reading. Everyone reads, there are books scattered everywhere, and there are hours in between activities to read in a hammock or during a meal. I am in heaven. Or paradise, considering a ripe mango fell of a tree right in front of me today, and I picked it up and ate it...so delicious and juicy.

Beekeeping:

• The smoker smelled SO good, I couldn't believe it. We use lemongrass (they call it fevergrass) to fuel to smoker and it smells amazing.
• I barely wore anything and was just fine, it was too hot to fuss around and the bees were calm (as usual).
• The bees looked Italian to me at first, but I noticed when one was in the kitchen that is was much darker looking. I could not see any stripes on it as it was flying but they are there. I don't know what kind of bees they are, but apparently most think that it is a native Jamaican honey bee not related to European or other common honey bees.
• I can't wait to learn how to build a top-bar (the other interns have learned) and about upkeep and harvesting. The other interns are leaving by August 1st so I will be alone for three weeks doing fun things with the bees.The hives have bamboo covers on top of the metal covers for shade. There are about 40 bars across one 5-foot hive. 
• Langstroth hives have one standard size for comb because it is imprinted on the frames. In nature, though, bees make different size cells based on their needs. Top-bar beekeeping is based off of that knowledge and mimics nature by letting the bees make thier own. Comb is never re-used becuase it is all harvested. Langstroth hives are done in such a way that comb is reused. Extractors are used to save the comb, but the cells are used so many times that debris builds up and the cells become increasingly smaller and dirtier. Top-bar avoids that and comb is always rebuilt.
• One comb broke off (comb failure) so I watched Agape repair it by using a repair frame and tying the comb back in with twine. Once they harvest from that hive, the comb from that frame will be harvested and the repair frame will no longer be needed. VERY cool. Nothing wasted.

So much in just one day! I am learning about the farm and settling in still. I am relaxing and loving it. Looking forward to Saturday becuase we are helping the neighbor with a big fun day they are having.

Arrived

I arrived!

Everything is amazing. The water is so blue. The hills are a riot of greens. My cabin is comfy and I am looking forward to settling in. Jumped into the warm ocean water and sat on the beach already. Lookin' good.

Pictures to come.

About me

A little bit about me and my background.

I have been beekeeping for 8 years. My family has been "urban farming" for quite a few years by growing fruit trees, herbs, veggies, and keeping various animals on our one acre of land. We stumbled upon beekeeping by receiving a hive from our neighbor. My dad was hesitant at first, but then before we knew it we were beekeeping! It was confusing at first (especially for a 12 year old) but quite interesting. I have loved beekeeping and honey bees ever since. It actually led me to becoming a Sustainable Agriculture and Food Systems major at UC Davis. I love learning about nature, the environment, human impact, sustainability, and food!

I will be posting about connections of sustainability to what I'm doing in Jamaica. My goal is to work as an intern, to learn, and also to make connections. Connections with people, with nature, and with ideas. I am guessing I will also post news articles, websites, and funny pictures. I find them constantly and am looking forward to posting them in a place that can be enjoyed by those interested.

Keep the bees.